微信开发接口调用测试（获取AccessToken、获取永久二维码、长连接转短连接）

在我们搭建好微信开发环境后，会在官网里看到超级多接口，下面我这里举三个例子来测试一下接口的调用。

废话不多说，因为太简单了，直接上代码，三个接口测试如下：

/**
 * 微信公总号开发接口工具类
 * @author suibibk@qq.com
 *
 */
public class WeiXinAPI {
    private static String grant_type = "client_credential"; 
    private static String appid = "**********";
    private static String secret ="************************";
    /**
     * 获取AccessToken 有效期是7200秒，建议缓存到redis或者内存中
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getAccessToken(){
        String httpPath="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type="+grant_type+"&appid="+appid+"&secret="+secret;
        String result = HttpUtils.doGet(httpPath);
        JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();
        JsonObject object=(JsonObject) parser.parse(result);
        String access_token=object.get("access_token").getAsString();
        System.out.println("调接口获取的access_token:"+access_token);
        return access_token;
    }
    /**
     * 生成永久性二维码
     * @param accessToken 
     * @param scene_str 场景值
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String createQRCode(String accessToken, String scene_str){
        String url ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token="+accessToken;
        String json = "{\"action_name\": \"QR_LIMIT_STR_SCENE\", \"action_info\": {\"scene\": {\"scene_str\": \""+scene_str+"\"}}}";
        String result = HttpUtils.doPost(url, json);
        JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();
        JsonObject object=(JsonObject) parser.parse(result);
        String qrurl=object.get("url").getAsString();
        System.out.println(qrurl);
        return qrurl;
    }
    /**
     * 长连接诶生成短连接接口
     * @param accessToken
     * @param long_url
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String long2short(String accessToken,String long_url){
            String url ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/shorturl?access_token="+accessToken;
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
            map.put("action", "long2short");
            map.put("long_url", long_url);
            String json = gson.toJson(map);
            String result = HttpUtils.doPost(url, json);
            JsonParser parser = new JsonParser();
            JsonObject object=(JsonObject) parser.parse(result);
            String errcode=object.get("errcode").getAsString();
            String short_url = "";
            if("0".equals(errcode)) {
                short_url = object.get("short_url").getAsString();
                System.out.println(short_url);
            }
            return short_url;
    }    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String access_token = getAccessToken();
        createQRCode(access_token,"HDWUERYUWEIR");
    long2short(access_token,"https://read.suibibk.com/chapter/a4bf5896f49a11e9978300163e0a1f06");
    }
}

我们主要是获取两个必须的参数：appid和secret，这个在微信公众号管理平台有，还有一个就是http请求的工具类，这里主要进行简单的get请求以及post请求，返回值是String如下:

/**
 * setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。
setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从connect Manager(连接池)获取Connection 超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。
setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。
 */
/**
 * http请求工具类
 * @author lwh
 * @date 20181130
 */
public class HttpUtils {
    private static final Integer  CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 5000;//接超时时间，单位毫秒
    private static final Integer  CONNECT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 1000;//从connect Manager(连接池)获取Connection 超时时间，单位毫秒。
    private static final Integer  SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 5000;//响应时间
    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HttpUtils.class);
    /**
     * url get请求
     * @param url 访问的url
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String doGet(String url){
        String result = "";
        log.info("get请求的url:"+url);
        try {
            HttpResponse response = doGet(url, null, CONNECT_TIMEOUT, CONNECT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT, SOCKET_TIMEOUT);
            result = getString(response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            log.info(e.getMessage());
        }
        log.info("返回的值："+result);
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * url post请求
     * @param url 请求的url
     * @param json 传输的json信息，建议全部转换成json回来
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String doPost(String url,String json) {
        String result = "";
        log.info("post请求的url:"+url);
        try {
            HttpResponse response = doPost(url, json, CONNECT_TIMEOUT, CONNECT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT, SOCKET_TIMEOUT);
            result = getString(response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
            log.info(e.getMessage());
        }
        log.info("返回的值："+result);
        return result;
    }
    public static HttpResponse doGet(String path,Map<String, String> querys,Integer connectTimeout,Integer ConnectionRequestTimeout,Integer responseConnectTimeout)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(path);
        HttpGet request = new HttpGet(path);
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()  
                .setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setConnectionRequestTimeout(ConnectionRequestTimeout)  
                .setSocketTimeout(responseConnectTimeout).build();  
        request.setConfig(requestConfig);  
        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String path,
                                      Map<String, Object> bodys,Integer connectTimeout,Integer ConnectionRequestTimeout,Integer responseConnectTimeout)
            throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(path);
        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(path);
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()  
                .setConnectTimeout(5000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(1000)  
                .setSocketTimeout(5000).build();  
        request.setConfig(requestConfig);  
        if (bodys != null) {
            List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            for (String key : bodys.keySet()) {
                nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, bodys.get(key).toString()));
            }
            UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "utf-8");
            formEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
            request.setEntity(formEntity);
        }
        return httpClient.execute(request);
    }
    public static HttpResponse doPost(String path,
           String  jsonBody,Integer connectTimeout,Integer ConnectionRequestTimeout,Integer responseConnectTimeout)
                    throws Exception {
        HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(path);
        HttpPost request = new HttpPost(path);
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()  
                .setConnectTimeout(5000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(1000)  
                .setSocketTimeout(5000).build();  
        request.setConfig(requestConfig); 
        if (jsonBody != null) {
            @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonBody, "text/xml", "utf-8");
            entity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
            request.setEntity(entity);
        }
        return httpClient.execute(request);
}
    /**
     * 获取 HttpClient
     * @param path
     * @return
     */
    private static HttpClient wrapClient(String path) {
        HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        if (path != null && path.startsWith("https://")) {
            return sslClient();
        }
        return httpClient;
    }
    /**
     * 在调用SSL之前需要重写验证方法，取消检测SSL
     * 创建ConnectionManager，添加Connection配置信息
     * @return HttpClient 支持https
     */
    private static HttpClient sslClient() {
        try {
            // 在调用SSL之前需要重写验证方法，取消检测SSL
            X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {}
                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {}
                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }
            };
            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.TLS);
            ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null);
            SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
            // 创建Registry
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD_STRICT)
                    .setExpectContinueEnabled(Boolean.TRUE).setTargetPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.NTLM,AuthSchemes.DIGEST))
                    .setProxyPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.BASIC)).build();
            Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
                    .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
                    .register("https",socketFactory).build();
            // 创建ConnectionManager，添加Connection配置信息
            PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
            CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager)
                    .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
            return closeableHttpClient;
        } catch (KeyManagementException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }
    }
    public static String getString(HttpResponse httpResponse) throws IOException {
        HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
        String resp = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
        return resp;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String url ="https://www.suibibk.com/blog/579412311547052032/555875030676799488/639387539102236672";
        System.out.println(doGet(url));
        System.out.println(doPost(url,null));
    }
}

JSON以及Http请求需要的maven依赖如下：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.5</version>
</dependency>
      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpcore -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
    <version>4.4.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
          <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
          <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.5</version>
      </dependency>